虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种假设，愿望，建议，怀疑，猜测或不大可能实现的空想。
I.虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中，通常从句由连词if 引导。
1． 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
构成
条件状语从句 主句
If +主语 +动词过去式 主语+ would, should, could, might+原形动词
(be的过去式用were)
例如：
If I feared death, I wouldn’t be a communist. （刘胡兰）怕死就不做%&*^&*(^员。
If there were no air, we couldn’t live. 如果没有空气，我们就不能生活。
Example:
I would ask George to lend us the money if I ______ him.
A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know
I _____ it to him if I thought he would understand.
A. shall explain B. will explain C. would explain D. explain
2． 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
构成
条件状语从句 主句
If + 主语 + 动词过去完成式 主语 + would, should, could, might +
have + 过去分词
例如：
If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
如果你早来几分钟，你就会碰上他。
If there had been no air in the tube, the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.
如果试管中没有空气，实验结果就会更精确。
Example:
If you hadn’t gone with Tom to the party last night, _______.
A. you would meet John already B. you won’t have missed John
C. you will have met John D. you would have met John
3． 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句
构成
条件状语从句 主句
If + 主语+ should +原形动词 主语 + would, should, could, might
或were + 不定式 + 原形动词
例如：
If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier.假如他明天会来，事情就容易办了。
If the sand should be broken up, it would give out much energy.
如果沙子能被分解，它会释放出大量的能量。
注：在表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句中的should有时可以省略。如：
If he make the design, he might do it in some other way.
要是他来搞这个设计，他可能用另外的方法设计。
Example:
If the sea ____ to rise 50 feet, India would become an island.
A. will B. is C. was D. were
If you ____ to see Mary, what would you tell her?
A. are B. will be going C. must D. were
We might still catch the train if we ___.
A. make hurry B. haste C. make haste D. hastily
4． 错综时间的虚拟语气
在一些含有虚拟语气的句子中，如果主句与从句的谓语表示不同的时间，虚拟语气可有不同形式，即主句与从句各自按自己的时间构成虚拟形式。例如：
If I had met him before, I could recognize him.要是我以前遇见过他，我就能认出他了。
（从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在或将来事实相反）
If we were driving at a speed of 100 Li an hour, we would have arrived there 2 hours ago. 如果我们的行车速度每小时100里，两小时以前我们就会到达那里了。
（从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反）
Example:
If you _____ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be sleepy.
A. haven’t watched B. didn’t watch
C. hadn’t watched D. wouldn’t have watched
5． 省略连词if
在条件状语从句中，如果有were, should, had，可以把连词if 省去，把 were, should, had 放在句首，构成条件意义。例如：
Should it rain tomorrow, what would you do? 万一明天下雨，你怎么办？
Were there no friction, we could not walk. 要是没有摩擦力，我们就不能行走。
Had we known about the new method, we should have applied it earlier.
如果我们过去知道这种新方法，我们早就应用了。
Example:
Had Alice been more hardworking, she _______.
A. had not failed B. would not fail
C. could not be failed D. would not have failed
_______ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves
______ difficulties, we would be successful.
A. Should we overcome B. Would we overcome
C. Might we overcome D. Could we overcome
6. 虚拟结构中省略主句或从句
虚拟结构中有时可省去主句或从句，并不影响意义的完整。
(1)省去条件从句
That would be fine. 那太好了。（省去了if you would come 或类似条件）
I wouldn’t pass up the chance to visit China. 我不会放弃访问中国的机会。
We might have produced more coal. 我们可能生产出更多煤炭。
注：省略条件句，?谑蕴庵泻苌偌健?/FONT>
(2)省去主句，常用以表示愿望。从句谓语多用过去时或过去完成时。
If only she were here. 假如她在这儿该多好啊！
If only he lived! 假如他活着该多好啊！
If only I had known it before. 如果我早先知道这件事，那就好了。
Example:
If only it _____! but it is too late.
A. is avoided B. has avoided C. could be avoided D. can be avoided
If only everything _____ out as we wanted it to in life!
A. is working B. worked C. works D. has worked
II. 虚拟语气用在 wish 后的宾语从句中 虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中，（常常省去连词that），表示不可能实现的愿望。
1． 表示与现在事实相反的愿望
构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + 动词过去式 （be 一律用were）
例如：
I wish I knew everything in the world.
I wish that the experiment were a success.
We wish we had wings. 我们希望有翅膀。
Example:
I wish it ______ not so cold outside.
A. shall be B. be C. were D. is
I wish I ______ you better.
A. know B. knew C. will know D. have known
2． 表示与过去事实相反的愿望
构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/could + have + 过去分词或had + 过去分词
例如：
I wish that you had called yesterday.
I wish that I could have gone with you last night.
I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there.
Example:
I wish you ______ such a great deal of fuss.
A. were not caused B. had not caused
C. have not caused D. are not caused
I wish that you ______ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.
A. hadn’t had B. hadn’t C. didn’t have D. hadn’t have
3． 表示将来不大可能实现的愿望
构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/should/could/might + 原形动词
例如：
I wish that he could try again.
I wish that someday I should live on the moon.
We wish that they would come soon.
Example:
I wish that we ______ with my brother when he flies to England next week.
A. could go B. had gone C. will go D. are going
EXERCISE
1. I wish you ______ like that.
a. don’t talk b. wouldn’t talk c. won’t talk d. not to talk
2. I wish I _____ how to operate the machine.
a. have known b. know c. can know d. knew
3. He is not a millionaire but he _____ he were.
a. wishes b. hopes c. longs d. believes
4. I wish that I ______ visit my uncle the day after tomorrow.
a. shall b. have c. would d. am going to
5. I wish it ______ spring all the year round.
a. will be b. were c. be d. is
6. I wish I _____ to that university with you yesterday.
a. would go b. went c. did go d. had gone
7. I left very early last night, but I wish I ______ so early.
a. didn’t leave b. hadn’t left c. haven’t left d. couldn’t leave
8. Nancy sometimes wishes that she ______ in the big city.
a. was not living b. did not lived c. were not living d. does not live
9. James wishes he ______ the football game instead of the film.
a. had seen b. saw c. had been seen d. see
10. While you’re here, I wish ______ have a look around the house.
a. you’ll b. you’ve c. you’d d. you better
11. Looking back on it, I wish you ______ me first.
a. asked b. have asked c. ask d. had asked
12. “Do you want me to lend you some money?”
“I wish you ______. I would pay you back next week.”
a. should b. would c. did d. might
13. I wished it ______ but it did.
a. had not occurred b. would not occur
c. was not occurred d. did not occur
14. He didn’t go to her birthday party, but he does wish he ______ there.
a. has been b. would be c. had been d. would have been
15. “These typewritten papers are very neat.”
“I wish I ______ type too, but I don’t know how.”
a. can b. may c. will d. could
III. 虚拟语气用在其它名词从句中
1． 虚拟语气用在 suggest, demand, insist, ask, move, advise. desire, order, propose, require, recommend, request, maintain, vote 等表示建议，命令，请求的动词后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语用 should + 原形动词，但美国英语中常要省去 should 。例如：
I suggest we start at once.
They propose that you (should) read the rules carefully.
The commander ordered that the soldier fire at the enemy.
He insisted that he go there on foot.
I move that the meeting be adjourned. 我提议休会. move
在会议上)提议，动议
Example:
He insisted that we all ______ in his office at one o’clock.
a. be b. to be c. would be d. shall be
He asked that it ______ done right away.
a. is b. be c. shall be d. must be
He recommended that John ______ with him.
a. must go b. went c. will go d. go
2． 虚拟语气用在 It is + 形容词（或过去分词）+ that... .的主语从句中，表示要求，建议，提议，命令，请求等，英国英语中从句的谓语用“should + 原形动词（或完成式）构成”，而美国英语中则要求用原形动词。该句型中常用的形容词或过去分词有：
advisable, desirable, essential, important, better, keen, natural, necessary, probable, possible, strange, vital, desired, demanded, requested, suggested, recommended, required 等。例如：
It is necessary that the machine (should) be oiled once a week.
It is important that everyone (should) obey the law.
It is suggested that you take a walk after supper.
Example:
It is necessary that he ______ in time to attend the meeting.
a. come b. came c. would come d. need come
It was proposed that the matter ______ discussed at the next meeting.
a. would be c. will be c. was d. be
It is strange that she ______ in the last examination.
a. should have failed b. have failed c. would fail d. failed
3． 虚拟语气用在与表示建议，要求，提议，命令，请求等意思有关的同位语从句和表语从句中，英国英语中要求从句谓语用“ should + 原形动词”，而美国英语中则要求用原形动词， 但在 as if, as though引导的表语从句中，从句中谓语用动词过去式或过去完成式，表示对现在或过去的虚拟。例如：
He complied with the requirement that the experiment (should) be done tomorrow.
他同意明天再做实验的要求。
He looks as if he were tired.他面带倦容。
We agree to the suggestion that they (should) work on night shifts in turn.
我们同意轮流值夜班的建议。
His order is that you (should) send the materials to the work site at once.
他的命令是你们要把材料立即送到工地。
Example:
Your advice that she ______ till next week is reasonable.
a. will wait b. is going to wait c. waits d. wait
Jane appears as though she ______ the secret.
a. knows b. has known c. had known d. knew
He looked as if he______ ill for a long time.
a. was b. were c. has been d. had been
4． 虚拟语气用在 It is (high, about) time (that) 句型中，定语从句中谓语用动词过去式，意指将来。例如：
It is time (that) we went home.
It is high time we had the meeting.
It is time you left.
It is time that I was off.
注：如果主语是单数第一，三人称，动词 be常用 was 。
Example:
We’ve been sitting here doing nothing about it for days. It’s time we ______ the problem.
a. shook hands with b. got to brass tacks with
c. got to grips with d. reached the bottom of
词组 get (or come) to grips with 为“开始努力对付”。
It is high time we _______ off.
a. are b. were c. be d. will be
It is ______ we did something about redecorating the sitting room.
a. high time b. long time c. good time d. full-time
EXERCISE1. The doctor suggested that he ______ a short leave of absence.
a. will take b. would take c. take d. took
2. We demand that atomic weapons ____ .
a. be prohibited b. will be prohibited c. are prohibited d. ought to be prohibited
3. It was suggested that transistors _____ in such devices.
a. should be used b. should use c. can be used d. were using
4. The tutor recommended that she _______ this book.
a. must buy b. buy c. should have bought d. buys
5. The housemaster was strict. He requested that we ______ television on week nights.
a. not watch b. must not to watch c. not be watching d. have not watched
6. My father did not go to New York, the doctor suggested that he ______ there.
a. not to go b. won’t be c. not go d. not go to
7. I demanded that the students each ______ a plan for the summer vacation.
a. would make b. will make c. make d. made
8. It is surprising enough that such a horrible thing ____ there.
a. happened b. will happen c. should happen d. has happened
9. It was urgent that she ______ the master immediately.
a. call b. calls c. called d. would call
10. He looks as if he _____ nothing about it before.
a. knows b. had known c. has known d. wouldn’t know
11. My idea is that we ______ the challenge.
a. ought accept b. will accept c. accept d. are accepted
12. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ______ round the earth.
a. is circling b. has circled c. should circle d. were circling
13. It was suggested at the meeting that effective measures _______ to solve the problem.
a. be taken b. must be taken c. were taken d. take
14. It’s advisable that he ______ with a clearly defined goal in mind.
a. must go b. go c. will go d. goes
15. It seemed as if all of sudden the animal _____ danger in the air.
a. has smelt b. had smelt c. smelt d. would smell
16. It is better that the book ______ on the low stool.
a. put b. puts c. should be put d. be put
17. He moved that the report ______.
a. should accept b. should be accepted c. be accept d. would be accepted
18. The professor gave orders that the test ______ before 5:30.
a. be finished b. will be finished c. will finish d. shall finish
19. It’s time he ______ something for his coming examination.
a. do b. does c. will do d. did
20. It was essential that all the necessary documents ______ to the dean’s office before Friday.
a. be handed in b. must be handed in c. had been handed in d. should hand in
21. It is highly desirable that a new president _____ for our institute.
a. appointed b. be appointed c. has been appointed d. is appointed
22. The government ordered that the pollution problem of this city ______ within six months.
a. would solve b. would be solved c. should be solved d. must solve
23. It is natural that much research ______ to overcome corrosion.
a. should make b. will make c. is made d. should have been made
24. It is important that a consultant engineer ______ familiar with modern developments.
a. is b. being c. be d. has been
25. Since her blood pressure is much higher than it should be, her doctor insists that she _____.
a. will not smoke b. is not smoking c. didn’t smoke d. not smoke
IV. 虚拟语气用在其它状语从句中
1． 虚拟语气用在由as if, as though 引导的方式或让步状语从句中，一般情况下，如果主谓语动词为现在时，从句谓语多用过去时；如果主句谓语为过去时，从句谓语多用过去完成时。
虚拟语气用在 even if, even though, whatever引导的状语从句中，从句谓语可参照由if引导的虚拟条件从句的谓语，一般用过去时或过去完成时。例如：
This old machine runs as if it were a new one.
The old worker works as though he were a young man.
Even though she had been here very soon, she would not catch the train.
Example:
He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ______ all about that.
a. know b. knows c. known d. knew
I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.
a. knew b. knows c. has known d. had known
______ I used a lot of examples I still could not get my idea across.
a. Since b. But that c. Now that d. Even though
2. 虚拟语气用在so that, lest （唯恐）, in case （万一）, unless, in order that（为了，以便）, that（为了，以至于）, for fear that （生怕，以免）, on condition that （如果）等引导的目的，条件状语从句中，从句谓语 may 或 might+原形动词，也有用 should, can, could+原形动词构成的。例如：
The teacher explained the law once more in order that we might understand it better.
Some people eat so that they may live. Others seem to live in order that they may eat.
一些人吃是为了生存，而另一些人似乎是活着就是为了吃。
I left him a note with my address on for fear that he should not know where to see me.
The heroes gave their lives that we might live a happy life.
为了我们过上幸福生活，英雄们献出了自己的生命。
Example:
In case I ______, I would try again.
a. will fail b. would miss c. should fail d. shall miss
You should exercise vigilance _____ you should be killed.
a. so that b. lest c. therefore d. that
3. 虚拟语气用在由 “whether” 引导的让步状语从句中，从句谓语用原形动词。例如：
All engines work on this principle, whether they be large or small.
所有发动机都按这一原理工作，无论它们是大还是小。
We must finish the work before we go home, whether it be early or late.
无论时间早晚，我们必须在回家前干完工作。
All matter, whether it be gas, liquid or solid, is made up of atoms.
所有物质，不论是气体，液体，或固体，都是由原子构成。
在此句型中，可省去 whether ，而将be放在主语前。例如：
Be it so, we must continue to do the test.
We must do our best to fulfil the task, be it ever so hard.
Example:
______ I’ll marry him all the same.
a. Were he rich or poor b. Be he rich or poor
c. Whether rich or poor d. Being rich or poor
EXERCISE
1. ______, I must do another experiment.
a. It is ever so late b. Ever so late it
c. Be it ever so late d. Whether be it ever so late
2. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it ______ on the way.
a. goes wrong b. would go wrong c. went wrong d. should go wrong
3. Machines are often oiled so that they ______ well.
a. ran b. runs c. should run d. running
4. Even if he ______ very busy, he would have kept on learning English.
a. had been b. was c. were d. had being
5. Supposing the weather ______ bad, where would you go?
a. is b. will be c. was d. were
6. ______, he could not succeed.
a. However, he tried that b. He tried however hard
c. However he could try d. However hard he tried
7. Even though the enemy ______ wings, they couldn’t escape from our encirclement.
a. had b. had had c. have d. has
8. She described the accident as if she ______ it herself.
a. saw b. has seen c. had seen d. sees
9. He came to meet us at the station for fear that we ______ the wrong way.
a. take b. should take c. took d. had taken
10. The car looked very dirty, as though it ______ hundreds of miles.
a. run b. runs c. has run d. had run
11. The teacher spoke slowly in order that we ______ no difficulty in following him.
a. should have b. had c. will have d. didn’t have
12. All magnets behave the same, ______ they large or small.
a. how b. are c. be d. were
13. At the beginning he didn’t want to speak English lest he _____ mistakes.
a. will make b. should make c. would make d. can
14. I remember the whole thing as if it ______ yesterday.
a. happen b. happens c. happened d. happening
15. She stayed at home for a few days so that she _____ her mother.
a. takes care of b. took care of c. might took care of d. might take care of
16. She took up the meter with care for fear that it _____ .
a. is damaged b. to be damaged c. should be damaged d. was damaged
17. In many cases the heating effect is neglected as if there ______ no flow of current along the wire.
a. are b. were c. is d. being
18. I’ll put the money on the table just in case you ______ it.
a. might need b. would need c. needed d. may have needed
19. Providing you ______ the opportunity to go abroad, which country would you want to visit first?
a. have b. will have c. had d. have had
20. The business of each day, ______ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.
a. it being b. was it c. it was d. be it
V. 虚拟语气的其它表达形式 1． 用介词或介词短语表示虚拟条件
常用的介词或介词短语主要有without（没有），but for（要不是），in the absence of（如果没有）或were it not for（要是没有），but that（假设……不）等。例如：
Without electricity, there would not be modern industry.
But for the leadership of the Party, we couldn’t live such a happy life.
In the absence of gravity, there would be no air around the earth.
Example:
Without gravity, we ______ able to walk.
a. were b. should be c. can be d. should not be
Were it not for the atmosphere, the stars ______ shining at any time in the day.
a. be seen b. can be seen c. could be seen d. could have been seen
2． 用动词不定式表示虚拟条件
It would be a shame to stop our work half-way.
It would take about 125 million of molecules of water to form a row an inch long.
如果要排成一寸长就需要大约一亿二千五百万个水分子。
Example:
It ______ better to think independently.
a. goes b. looks c. would be d. shall be
3． 通过上下文表示虚拟条件
常用的连接词有or, otherwise, but等。例如：
I was very busy yesterday. Otherwise I would have come to see you.
The worn parts have been replaced at the proper time, or a damage might have happened.
磨损的部件及时更换了，否则就会发生破坏。
Example:
He went on foot, but he ______ by bus.
a. might go b. should be gone c. could have gone d. ought have gone
The traffic was very heavy; otherwise I ______ here 50 minutes sooner.
a. would have been b. would be c. should be d. had been
4． 虚拟语气用在...would(或had)rather（或would just as soon）+ 从句的句式中，表示与事实相反的愿望。从句谓语动词要用过去式。例如：
I would rather you stayed here.
I would rather that you didn’t do anything.
I’d just as soon you didn’t go there.
Example:
I’d just as soon ______ those important papers with you.
a. that you won’t take b. your not taking c. please don’t you take d. you didn’t take
I’d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.
a. do b. didn’t do c. don’t d. didn’t
5． 虚拟语气用在...had hoped that...句型中，表示过去未实现的愿望，意为“原本希望...”，从句谓语用would + 原形动词。例如：
I had hoped that she would answer my letter.
We had hoped that you would change your mind.
His father had hoped that he would be a scientist.
Example:
Tom’s father had hoped that he ______ into business with him.
a. would go b. would have gone c. went d. had gone
6． 虚拟语气用在had better, had best, had rather, would sooner, would rather, would have句型
中，后接原形动词。例如：
You had better close the window.
I would rather stay at home.
You had best leave her alone.
Would you have me tell her a lie?
If you don’t mind, I’d rather not see the play.
I had rather put the books on the desk.
Liu Hu Lan would sooner die than surrender.
Example:
I ______ do that if I were given the choice.
a. would rather not b. rather not c. do not rather d. would not rather
“I haven’t felt well for a week.” “You ______ see a doctor.”
a. had ought to b. had better c. should have to d. had rather
______ do it myself than try to persuade a stubborn fellow like you.
a. I’d rather b. I’d better c. I rather d. I’d like
EXERCISE
1. I would rather ______ a book than watch TV.
a. read b. reading c. to read d. have read
2. You were late again this morning. I think you had better ______ on time.
a. to start to be b. start being c. started being d. to be
3. She ______ into the water but that I caught her.
a. would fall b. would have fallen c. has fallen d. wouldn’t fall
4. He had hopped that his son _____ an engineer.
a. will be b. be c. is d. would be
5. I would just as soon ______ those heavy boxes with you.
a. that you won’t take b. your not taking c. please don’t you take d. you didn’t take
6. I did not call to make my airline reservation, but I _____.
a. must have b. may have c. should have d. shall have
7. ______ your advice, I would never have got the job.
a. But for b. As for c. Apart from d. Except for
8. With all this work on hand, he ______ TV last night.
a. mustn’t watch b. shouldn’t have watched c. wouldn’t watch d. ought not to watch
9. He must have missed the train, or he ______ here then.
a. should be b. would be c. would have been d. had to be
10. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology ______ achieved.
a. must have been b. could have been c. should have d. would not have been
11. I was in a hurry that day. Otherwise I ______ to talk to you.
a. had stopped b. would have stopped c. stopped d. had to stop
12. “I’m surprised to learn that you’re going back to Chicago.”
“Yes. I’d hoped that I ______ have to go back again, but I do.”
a. don’t b. won’t c. hadn’t d. wouldn’t
13. Better ______ the butcher than the doctor.
a. to pay b. pay c. paying d. paid
14. I would have come sooner but I ______ that you were waiting.
a. didn’t know b. hadn’t known c. haven’t known d. couldn’t have known
15. You had better ______ so many questions.
a. not to ask b. ask not c. not ask d. not asking
16. “John wants to see you today.” “I would rather he ______ tomorrow than today.”
a. comes b. came c. has come d. should come
17. Life today ______ very different without iron and steel.
a. would be b. is not c. will be d. has been
18. It ______ wrong not to take this into consideration.
a. is said b. will be c. would be d. can be
19. I would sooner not _____ here.
a. have waited b. waiting c. waited d. wait
20. Time is running out. Hadn’t we better______?
a. got started b. got start c. get started d. to get starting
EXERCISE （虚拟语气综合练习）1. If he ______ finished his dinner a little sooner, he wouldn’t have missed the 8:30 train.
a. would have b. was c. had d. had been
2. Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too had.
I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if ______.
a. she’s gone b. she’ll go c. she’d gone d. she’d go
3. Ring me up tomorrow so that I _____ remember to come to the meeting.
a. must b. would c. may d. were to
4. Whether the information ______ true or not, we must be vigilant.
a. be b. are c. were d. is
5. It is impossible to imagine how man ______ without the sun’s energy.
a. could live b. lives c. had lived d. is living
6. Were it not for the friction exerted between the tires and the road, the vehicle ______ started.
a. can not even be b. could not even be c. should even be d. be not even
7. What would happen, if you ______ the rules of the road?
a. not observed b. do not observe c did not observe d. observe not
8. The manager of the hotel requests that all the guests ______ after the mid-night.
a. don’t make loud noise b. couldn’t make any noise
c. not to make low noise d. shouldn’t make loud noise
9. Even if I had known her address, I _______ time to write to her.
a. can not have had b. might not have had c. will not have had d. must not have had
10. Be the consequences what they ______, I will not shrink from doing my duty.
a. may b. will c. would d. were
11. Given more attention, the work ______.
a. had been better done b. will be done better c. was better done
d. could have been better done
12. ______ for your help, we’d never have been able to get out of trouble.
a. Had it not been b. If it was not c. If we had not been d. If there had not been
13.Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ______ our chairman now.
a. must have been b. would have been c. were d. would be
14. It was essential that he ______ the contract before the end of the month.
a. signed b. sign c. had signed d. signs
15.I ______ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money at that time.
a. would like to give b. liked to have given c. would have liked to give d. like to give
2. The instructions ask that he ______a red pen or a pencil.
a. not use b. don’t use c. can’t use d. mustn’t use
3. Your advice that Mr. Smith ______ here for another week seems acceptable.
a. stays b. stay c. stayed d. will stay
4. Mr. Johnson prefers that she ______ with him personally.
a. speaks b. will speak c. speak d. would speak
5. But for their common efforts, they ______ achieved so much in their research..
a. could have b. will not have c could not have d. have not
6. If only you ______ try a little harder!
a. had b. would c. will d. have to
7. I wish I _____ the play on TV the other night.
a. will see b. saw c. had seen d. would be
8. The earth behaves as though it _____ an immense magnet.
a. were b. was c. had been d. would be
9. Rather than ____ the risk of losing his job, he came to terms with them.
a. to run b. run c. running d. ran
10. His wife would rather they ____ about the matter any more.
a. were not talk b. don’t talk c. didn’t talk d. haven’t talked
11. John says that he wishes he ______ in New York now.
a. have been b. be c. is d. were
12. It is about time he _____ a job settled down.
a. finds b. should find c found d. had found
13. His proposal is that the machine _____ repaired at once.
a. is b. is being c. would be d. be
14. I’d just as soon you _____ the sad news.
a. were not knowing b. didn't know c. knew not d. don't know
15. She listened carefully ______ she might discover exactly what he wanted.
a. so as that b. in case c. providing d. in order that
16. The librarian told him to return the book in time so that others _____ a chance to read it.
a. may have b. would be having c will have d. might have
17. You ______ back before Sunday.
a. have come b. should have come
c. shall have come d. were coming
18. He made a suggestion that everyone _____ a story.
a. can make up b. would make up
c. should make up d. makes up
19. The police chief ordered that parking _____ on Main Street during the rush hours.
a. be prohibiting b. is prohibited
c. was prohibited d. be prohibited
20. He ______ killed last night if he had taken part in the surprise attack on the city.
a. might have been b. might be c would bee d. had been
21. ______ so busy, I should call on you.
a. If I’m not b. Was I not c. Had I not d. Were I not
22. He looked at me as if I _____ him in a foreign language.
a. had addressed b. have addressed
c. addressed d. was addressed
23. Mr. White was very busy, otherwise he ______ before now.
a. mustn’t reply b. would have replied
c. will have replied d. must have replied
24. I had hoped that he ____ the game, but the other boy played better than he.
a. to win b. winning c. would win d. wins
25. Many of the man-make objects look as if they ______ made from real natural materials.
a. were b. will be c. had d. have
26. I dare not tell you what he did for fear that he ______ angry with me.
a. will be b. must be c. is d. should be
